Narcissistic Personality Disorder

According to the Mayo Clinic Staff on www.mayoclinic.org, narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a mental health condition characterized by an excessive sense of self-importance, a deep need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. Despite projecting extreme confidence, individuals with NPD are often insecure and highly sensitive to criticism. This disorder can create significant difficulties in relationships, work, and financial matters, as those affected may struggle with disappointment when their high expectations for special treatment are not met. Although NPD is more common in men and typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood, its exact causes remain unknown, with potential links to genetics, neurobiology, and childhood experiences. Treatment primarily involves psychotherapy, as individuals with NPD rarely seek help unless experiencing associated issues like depression or substance abuse.

People with NPD exhibit a range of symptoms, including an exaggerated sense of superiority, entitlement, and a tendency to exploit others for personal gain. They may have fantasies of success, power, or ideal love, and often demand the best of everything. At the same time, they are highly sensitive to perceived criticism, reacting with anger, withdrawal, or feelings of insecurity and shame. Complications from NPD can include depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and difficulties in maintaining personal and professional relationships. While there is no known prevention for NPD, early intervention, family therapy, and healthy parenting techniques may help mitigate its development.